About Arewa and Middle Belt

Arewa (Nothern) and Middle Belt Nigeria 

The Arewa (Northern) and Middle Belt regions of Nigeria are a tapestry of cultures, traditions, and histories that define the heart of Nigeria. Known for their diverse people, vibrant cuisine, and unique geography, these regions showcase the best of Nigeria’s communal and cultural heritage.

Geography and States

Arewa (Northern Nigeria) spans the Sahel and savanna regions of Nigeria and includes states such as:

• Northwest: Kano, Kaduna, Katsina, Sokoto, Zamfara, Kebbi, Jigawa.

• Northeast: Borno, Yobe, Adamawa, Gombe, Bauchi, Taraba.

The Middle Belt, located in Nigeria’s central region, is home to states like:

• Plateau, Benue, Kogi, Nasarawa, Kwara, Niger, and parts of Taraba, Adamawa, and southern Kaduna.

These regions are characterized by diverse terrains, from the flat Sahel of the North to the lush, hilly landscapes of the Middle Belt.

Culture and People

The Arewa and Middle Belt regions are culturally and ethnically rich, comprising numerous ethnic groups with distinct identities:

• Northern Nigeria (Arewa): Dominated by the Hausa and Fulani, who share strong Islamic traditions and a love for intricate arts, including weaving, leatherwork, and pottery.

• Middle Belt: Known for its ethnic diversity, including the Tiv, Idoma, Jukun, Nupe, Gwari, Igala, Berom, and others, blending Christianity, Islam, and indigenous practices.

Religious tolerance and coexistence are hallmarks of these regions, especially in the Middle Belt, which serves as a cultural and religious melting pot.

Cuisine

Food is a unifying factor in these regions, with flavors that reflect their history and traditions:

• Masa: A fluffy, savory rice-based pancake often paired with soup, honey, or spicy stews, is beloved across the regions.

• Other popular dishes include:

  • Tuwo Shinkafa: A rice flour meal typically served with Miyan Kuka (baobab leaf soup).

  • Kilishi: A spiced, sun-dried meat snack similar to jerky.

  • Kunu: A refreshing millet-based drink.

  • Fura da Nono: A mix of millet balls and fermented milk.

These meals embody the warmth and hospitality of the people.

Traditional Institutions and Historical Significance

Northern Nigeria is known for its strong traditional institutions, which have stood the test of time and continue to play a vital role in the identity of the region.

• The Sokoto Caliphate: Founded in the 19th century by Usman dan Fodio, Sokoto remains the spiritual headquarters of Islam in Nigeria, led by the Sultan of Sokoto.

• Kano Emirate: A center of trade and learning, Kano is one of Nigeria’s most historically significant cities.

• Other Prominent Emirates: Include Zazzau (Zaria), Katsina, Gwandu, Bauchi, and Borno.

• Middle Belt Kingdoms: The Middle Belt boasts vibrant kingdoms and chiefdoms, such as the Tiv of Benue, the Berom in Plateau, and the Jukun in Taraba, which preserve the region's diverse indigenous cultures.

Festivals and Cultural Celebrations

• Durbar Festival: A magnificent display of culture and equestrian artistry during Eid celebrations in cities like Kano and Katsina.

• Tiv Swange Dance: A lively and colorful dance unique to the Tiv people of the Middle Belt, showcasing their love for rhythm and community.

• Local Festivals: Various harvest and traditional festivals celebrate the agrarian lifestyle and honor ancestral spirits.

Notable Leaders

The Arewa and Middle Belt regions have produced many leaders who have shaped Nigeria’s history:

• Sir Ahmadu Bello: The Sardauna of Sokoto and first Premier of Northern Nigeria, a visionary who laid the foundation for development in the North.

• Yakubu Gowon: A former Head of State from the Middle Belt who led Nigeria during the civil war and initiated national peace efforts.

• Shehu Shagari: Nigeria’s first Executive President, from Sokoto State.

• Mallam Aminu Kano: A political reformer and advocate for social justice in Nigeria.

These leaders exemplify the strength and vision of the people of these regions.

Vision and Unity

The Nigeria Arewa/Middle Belt Association of Saskatoon exists to celebrate and preserve this rich cultural heritage, foster unity among members, and share our traditions with the broader Saskatoon community. We believe in the strength of collaboration, the beauty of diversity, and the power of culture to create a better future for all.